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Language Dictionaries



Monolingual Dictionaries

Authoritative scholarly dictionaries without translations. These are often issued by national academies, and may include attestations and etymological information.

Arabic

al-Bāḥith al-‘Arabī  

http://www.baheth.info/index.jsp

Classical Arabic dictionaries. Provides a unified search interface for the most famous monolingual dictionaries of the classical period, such as al-Fīrūzabādī’s Qāmūs al-Muḥīṭ, the Tāj al-ʿArūs by Ibn Manẓūr, and the Ṣiḥāḥ fī al-lughah by al-Jawharī. Offers a virtual keyboard and yamli for users on computers without Arabic keyboard. In Arabic.

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Arabic dictionaries in GEORGE

English

Oxford English Dictionary  

http://0-dictionary.oed.com.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/entrance.dtl

The most complete historical record of the English language: the largest dictionary of the English language, containing 615,000 word forms with 139,900 pronunciations, 219,000 etymologies, and 2,436,600 quotations.

French

Dictionnaire de l’Académie française  

http://www.academie-francaise.fr/dictionnaire/index.html

The ninth edition of this magnum opus by the Académie française. The editors have prefaced their work with these words of wisdom:

"La confection d’un dictionnaire, surtout quand il doit être de référence pour des centaines de millions d’usagers d’une langue de par le monde, est une marche de longue haleine, où chaque pas rencontre une embûche, une rigole, un caillou. La langue, comme la mer, toujours recommence.[...] L’Académie ne refuse jamais la modernité. Elle ne refuse que ce qui peut menacer la pérennité de la langue."

Trésor de la Langue Française  

http://atilf.atilf.fr/tlf.htm

A detailed and scholarly monolingual dictionary, far superior to the online dictionary of the Academie. Includes citations and etymology.

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French dictionaries in GEORGE

German

Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache  

http://www.dwds.de/

Lexical corpus and dictionary compiled by the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences. The dictionary is based on the "Wörterbuch der deutschen Gegenwartssprache" (WDG), and is supplemented by statistical data, co-occurences, and attestations drawn from a vast corpus of 20th century material. In German

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German dictionaries in GEORGE

Italian

Lessicografia della Crusca in Rete  

http://morpheus.micc.unifi.it:8080/cruscle/index.jsp

Online access to the five historical dictionaries published by the Accademia della Crusca. Entries are presented in plain text and in PDF. In Italian.

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Italian dictionaries in GEORGE

Spanish

Diccionario de la Lengua Española  

http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/

The authoritative dictionary of the Spanish language, compiled by the Real Academia Española. Offers browser plugins and quick search functions. In Spanish.

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Spanish dictionaries in GEORGE

Bilingual dictionaries

Several decent multilingual dictionaries are available online: e.g. wordreference or lexilogos - both of which are adequate for daily use, but probably not for scholarly purposes. The list below is not meant to be exhaustive. For a fuller listing of dictionaries of English and foreign languages, please refer to GEORGE.

Multiple languages

Oxford Reference Online Premium  

http://0-www.oxfordreference.com.library.lausys.georgetown.edu

Full text access to Oxford's French, German, Irish, Italian, Spanish, and Welsh dictionaries, as well as subject dictionaries, and reference books published by OUP. Here is a title list of the books included in this database.

Ancient Greek

Liddell-Scott-Jones Lexicon of Classical Greek (Perseus)  

http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/lexindex?entry=fe/rw

Online access to the 1940 edition of this standard dictionary. Please refer to the latest printed edition (9th, 1996) for more up-to-date information.

Hebrew

קיצורים וראשי תיבות בעברית  

http://www.kizur.co.il/home.php

Comprehensive database of Hebrew abbreviations (ראשי תיבות)

Morfix  

http://www.morfix.co.il/

Online Hebrew dictionary and web search engine. Includes a parser, and can therefore analyze inflected forms and nouns with pronominal suffixes. Result lists provide full nikud.

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Hebrew dictionaries in GEORGE

Latin

Database of Latin Dictionaries   RefWorks Enabled

http://0-www.brepolis.net.library.lausys.georgetown.edu

Online collection of Latin dictionaries, including Blaise - Patristic (Dictionnaire latin-français des auteurs chrétiens , 1954, 1967, 2005) Firmini Verris Dictionarius (Dictionnaire médiéval latin-français , 1440) and Du Cange (Glossarium mediae et infimae latinitatis, ed. 1883-1887).

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Latin dictionaries in GEORGE

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